by Bascaria
Loans are not particularly hard to avoid if they are all you're concerned with. What can be hard is avoiding loans while also pursuing another strategy. The thing about loans, though, is that they are not always bad to take and can instead be used as a quick cash infusion to power a strong turn if used and timed correctly.
And no, it looks like you're playing the round end incorrectly. One round is 7 turns. At the end of that 7th turn, everybody feeds their workers, regardless of who took the seventh turn. This means that, in a 3-player game, for every 3 rounds, you will have two rounds where you get only 2 turns and 1 round where you get 3 turns.
The only time you get a turn without moving your ship is at the very end of the game, when everybody gets 1 final action that has it's own special rules for how it works (you can use any building, regardless of if it is occupied or not).
One final note about buying/selling buildings with francs (instead of building them with resources and a building action) is that when a building is bought or sold, the worker who was on it is returned to his owner. This means that if there is a building you want to use, but it is occupied and you own the building, or the town owns the building and you can afford it, then you can sell or buy it, respectively, to open up that action spot so you can use it.